Fullmetal Alchemist (鋼の錬金術師, Hagane no Renkinjutsushi?, literally "Alchemist of Steel"), is a Japanese 日本漫画 series written and illustrated 由 Hiromu Arakawa. The world of Fullmetal Alchemist is styled after the European Industrial Revolution. Set in a fictional universe in which alchemy is one of the most advanced scientific techniques known to man, the story follows the brothers Edward and Alphonse Elric, who want to restore their bodies after a disastrous failed attempt to bring their mother back to life through alchemy.
The 日本漫画 was serialized in Square Enix's Monthly Shōnen Gangan magazine (starting August 2001 and ending June 2010) and was collected in 27 tankōbon volumes. It was adapted into an animated 电视 series of 51 episodes 由 识骨寻踪 from October 4, 2003, to October 2, 2004, later followed 由 a film sequel that concluded the story of the anime. Fullmetal Alchemist would later spawn a 秒 series called Fullmetal Alchemist: Brotherhood, which first premiered in 日本 on April 5, 2009, spanning 64 episodes, and ending on July 4, 2010. A multitude of spin-off novels, original video animations (OVAs), drama CDs, soundtracks, and video games have been adapted from the series. A collectible card game, multiple supplementary books, and a variety of action figures and other merchandise based on the characters of the series have also been released.
The 日本漫画 has been licensed 由 Viz Media for publication in the United States, with 27 bound volumes released currently. Although there are no major differences with the Japanese version, some pages have been edited to avoid minor references to western theology. Funimation Entertainment has dubbed the 日本动漫 episodes in the United States and Canada, and has also released them in all English-speaking DVD regions. The English version of the film premiered in a limited number of U.S. theaters on August 25, 2006, and was later released on DVD. Funimation and Destineer have also been releasing the video games from the series.
In Japan, the Fullmetal Alchemist 日本漫画 has enjoyed exceptional sales of 50 million volumes sold as of 2010. The English release of the manga's first volume was the top-selling graphic novel during the 年 2005. In two TV Asahi web polls, the 日本动漫 was voted #1 most 流行的 日本动漫 of all time in Japan. It was nominated in six of the eight categories for which it was eligible at the American 日本动漫 Awards in February 2007, winning awards in five of them. Reviewers from several media generally had positive 评论 on the series.
Contents [hide]
1 Plot
1.1 Differences in the first 日本动漫 adaptation
2 Production
3 Media
3.1 Manga
3.2 日本动漫 series
3.2.1 Fullmetal Alchemist
3.2.2 Fullmetal Alchemist: Brotherhood
3.3 Films
3.4 Light novels
3.5 Drama CDs
3.6 CDs
3.7 Video games
3.8 Art and guidebooks
3.9 Other merchandise
4 Reception
4.1 日本漫画 reception
4.2 日本动漫 reception
4.3 Light novels reception
5 References
6 External links
Plot
See also: 列表 of Fullmetal Alchemist characters
Edward and Alphonse Elric are two alchemist brothers searching for the legendary catalyst called the Philosopher's Stone, a powerful object which would allow them to recover their bodies (which were 迷失 in an attempt to bring their mother back to life through alchemy). Born in the village of Resembool from the country of Amestris (アメストリス, Amesutorisu?), the two brothers lived there with their mother Trisha Elric. Their father, 面包车, 范 Hohenheim, left 首页 for unknown reasons and years later, Trisha died of a terminal illness, leaving the Elric brothers alone. After their mother's death, Edward became determined to bring her back through the use of alchemy, an advanced science in which objects can be created from raw materials. They researched Human Transmutation, a forbidden art in which one attempts to create 或者 modify a human being. However, this attempt failed, ultimately resulting in the loss of Edward's left leg and Alphonse's entire body. In a desperate effort to save his brother, Edward sacrificed his right arm to affix Alphonse's soul to a suit of armor. Some days later, an alchemist named Roy 野马 visited the Elric brothers, and proposed that Edward become a member of the State Military of Amestris in exchange for 更多 research materials to find a way to recover their bodies. After that, Edward's left leg and right arm were replaced with automail, a type of advanced prosthetic limb, built for him 由 his close family 老友记 Winry Rockbell and her grandmother Pinako.
Edward then became a State Alchemist (国家錬金術師, Kokka Renkinjutsushi?), an alchemist employed 由 the State Military of Amestris, which infamously annihilated most of the Ishbalan race (Ishbal) in the past decade. Becoming a State Alchemist enables Edward to use the extensive resources available to other State Alchemists. The brothers set off in 搜索 of the Philosopher's Stone as a means to restore their bodies. Throughout their journey, they meet allies and enemies, including those who are willing to do anything to obtain the Philosopher's Stone; Scar, one of the few surviving Ishbalans, who seeks vengeance on the State Alchemists for the destruction of his race; and the homunculi, a group of human-like creatures who carry pieces of the Philosopher's Stone inside themselves, and from it derive the ability to survive almost any harm.
As the story progresses, Edward and Alphonse discover the vast expansion of Amestris was the result of the homunculi, who created and secretly control the State Military. The homunculi and much of the high-ranking military officers are commanded from behind the curtains 由 the creator of the homunculi, a man simply known as "Father", who gained immortality through a Philosopher's Stone, which he created 由 tricking Hohenheim centuries before the series' timeline. He plans to use Amestris as a gigantic transmutation 圈, 圈子 in order to transmute the entire country for reasons unknown to the Elrics. When Edward and Alphonse discover Father's plans, they, along with other members of the State Military, set out to defeat him.
As the forces collide, one 由 one, the remaining homunculi are defeated and Central city's troops are enlightened about the truth of the situation. Father tries to transmutate Amestris to gain god-like powers but Hohenheim manages to stop him. A weakened Father is defeated 由 Edward with his original arm, Al having sacrificed himself to bring it back. After Father is trapped within the Truth, Ed sacrifices his ability to use alchemy to bring Alphonse back in his original body. The Elrics return to Resembool, but two years later, they separate in order to repay the people who helped in their journey.
Differences in the first 日本动漫 adaptation
The first half of the anime's plot basically follows that of the manga, but the plots severely diverge from each other near the middle of the story,[1] when Ed and Alphonse reunite with their teacher Izumi Curtis. A former lover of Hohenheim, the former mentor to their own teacher, Dante, acts as the series' main antagonist, appearing only in the anime. Centuries ago, the two perfected methods for making the Philosopher's Stone, achieving a sort of immortality 由 transferring their soul and intellect into others' bodies as they age. Hohenheim was eventually overcome 由 the guilt of sacrificing lives to make the Stone and left Dante. Although Dante is still able to jump from body to body with the last stone she and Hohenheim created, she does not possess the complete knowledge on how to make one. She uses the homunculi to spur Edward and Alphonse, along with other Alchemists equally desperate, into creating another complete Philosopher's Stone for her.[2]
When Scar creates the Philosopher's Stone, he infuses the stone into Alphonse's metal body, making him the main focus of Dante's efforts leading to him being kidnapped.[3] When Edward goes to rescue him, he is killed 由 the homunculus Envy. Alphonse uses the Philosopher's Stone to revive his brother but disappears in the process. Dante tries to escape, but she is killed when the homunculus Gluttony, whose mind she had earlier destroyed, fails to recognize his master. After being revived, Edward risks his life to bring back his brother in exchange. As a result, Edward ends up in a parallel world, while Alphonse recovers his original body. Determined to reunite with Alphonse, Edward becomes involved in rocketry research, with the intention to use that technology to try to get back to his 首页 world.[4]
Production
After 阅读 about the philosopher's stone, Arakawa 说 that she became attracted to the idea of using alchemy in the manga. She liked it so much that she started 阅读 图书 relating to alchemy, which she found very complicated because some 图书 contradicted others. Arakawa was attracted 更多 由 the philosophical aspects than the practical aspects.[1] For the Equivalent Exchange concept, she was inspired 由 the work of her parents who had a farm in Hokkaidō and always had to give all their effort in order to earn the money to eat.[5]
Arakawa wanted to integrate social problems into the story. She gathered information watching news programs and talking to people, such as refugees, war veterans and former yakuza. Several plot elements expand on these themes, such as Pinako Rockbell caring for the Elric brothers after the death of their mother, and the brothers helping people all over the country, to gain an understanding of the meaning of family. When creating the fictional world of Fullmetal Alchemist, Arakawa was inspired after 阅读 about 欧洲 during the Industrial Revolution period; she was amazed 由 how different the people from different countries were, in terms of their culture, architecture, and clothes. She was especially interested in England during this period and "added to it her own original flavor to turn it into a 幻想 world."[1]
When the 日本漫画 began serialization, Arakawa had in mind how the story would end. As the plot continued, however, she felt some characters were maturing and decided to change some scenes, resulting in some sketches of the faces of the characters being improvised.[5] In creating the characters' designs, she 评论 that the 日本漫画 authors Suihō Tagawa and Hiroyuki Eto are her main inspirations, and describes her artwork as a mix of both of them. The easiest of the series characters for her to draw was Alex Louis Armstrong, as well as little animals. Due to the fact she likes dogs, Arakawa added several of them in the story.[6] Arakawa made comedy central in the 日本漫画 because she thinks it is intended for entertainment, and tried to minimalize focus on sad scenes.[5]
When the number of 日本漫画 chapters was around 40, Arakawa 评论 that as the series gets near the end, she will try to make the story faster until getting to the conclusion. To avoid making chapters less entertaining than others, unnecessary details from each of them are removed and a climax is developed. The removal of minor information is also necessary since the number of pages that Arakawa has to work with in Monthly Shōnen Gangan is not enough to cover all the storyline content she wants to add. As such, certain characters' appearances were limited in some chapters.[7]
During the development of the first anime, Arakawa allowed the 日本动漫 staff to work independently from her, and requested having a different ending from the one in the manga. She 说 that she would not like to repeat the same ending in both media, as well as to make the 日本漫画 longer to work 更多 in the development of the characters. When watching the ending of the anime, she was amazed about how different the homunculi creatures were from the 日本漫画 and enjoyed how the staff speculated about the origins of the villains.[1] As Arakawa also helped the 识骨寻踪 staff in the making of the series, she was kept busy from focusing on the manga's cover illustrations and had little time to make them.[7]
Media
Manga
Main article: 列表 of Fullmetal Alchemist chapters
This panel from volume 8 shows some of the changes in the graphics that Viz Media made in changing from the original release of Fullmetal Alchemist (left) to its English release (right).
Written and drawn 由 Hiromu Arakawa, the Fullmetal Alchemist 日本漫画 series is serialized in Square Enix's monthly 日本漫画 magazine Monthly Shōnen Gangan. It has been serialized since Monthly Shōnen Gangan's August 2001 issue (published on July 12, 2001) and has been completed with chapter 108 marking an end to the series, as of June 2010.[8] A side-story to the series was then published in the October issue of Monthly Shōnen Gangan on September 11, 2010.[9] In the July 2011 issue of the same magazine, the prototype version from the 日本漫画 was published.[10]
Square Enix compiled the chapters into 28 tankōbon volumes. The first volume was released on January 22, 2002, with the last one released on November 22, 2010.[11][12] A few chapters have been rereleased in 日本 in two "Extra number" magazines and Fullmetal Alchemist, The First Attack, which features the first nine chapters of the 日本漫画 as well as other side stories.[13] On July 22, 2011, Square Enix started republishing the series in kanzenban format.[14] Viz Media is releasing the 日本漫画 in North America. The first volume was released on May 3, 2005, and has presently ended its run when the final volume, volume 27, was released on December 20, 2011.[15][16] On June 7, 2011, Viz started publishing the series in omnibus format, featuring three volumes in one.[17]
The content of the 日本漫画 released 由 Viz in the United States were mostly consistent with the original material. As of October 2011, the only edits that have been made were to a set of twelve panels from the original volume 8, depicting the character Greed tied to a cross-shaped stone slab in crucifixion style. In the North American version the stone was redesigned to become round in each panel,[18] as 评论 由 Viz to avoid references to Christianity. This change in the 日本漫画 was made with the approval of Arakawa.[19]
In Singapore, the 日本漫画 is being published 由 Chuang Yi. Publishing in both English and Simplified Chinese, nineteen volumes have been released in English, while twenty-one volumes have been released in Simplified Chinese. In Poland, Japonica Polonica Fantastica is publishing the manga[20] - as of January 2010, eighteen volumes have been released. In France, the 日本漫画 is being released 由 Kurokawa.[21] Volume eight, released in September 2006, was available also in a collector's edition, which consisted of the book packed with the original comedic novel Flame Alchemist, focusing on Roy Mustang's schedule.[22][23] Prior to this, this novel was only available with the limited edition of volume six in Japan.[24] In Brazil, Editora JBC is publishing the 日本漫画 with forty-four volumes equivalent to the first original twenty-two volumes having been released currently.[25] In Italy, the 日本漫画 is published 由 Panini Comics using the label "Planet Manga".[26] In South Korea, it is published 由 Haksan[27] and was serialized in Booking.[28]
日本动漫 series
Fullmetal Alchemist
Main article: 列表 of Fullmetal Alchemist episodes
The 动画片 studio 识骨寻踪 adapted the 日本漫画 into a 51-episode 日本动漫 series. It was directed 由 Seiji Mizushima, written 由 Shō Aikawa and co-produced 由 Bones, Mainichi Broadcasting System and Aniplex. Character designs were handled 由 Yoshiyuki Itō. The 日本动漫 was broadcast on Mainichi Broadcasting System, TBS, and Animax in 日本 from October 4, 2003 to October 2, 2004,[29][30][31] with a 6.8 percent 电视 viewership rating.[32] The English dubbed version of the 日本动漫 was produced 由 Funimation and debuted on the Adult Swim block of the United States cable channel Cartoon Network on November 6, 2004.[33] A 年 and a half later, Canada's YTV began airing it on March 3, 2006.[34] The anime's later story and conclusion 由 识骨寻踪 is different from the 日本漫画 due to a request 由 Arakawa.[1] During the making of the anime, Arakawa was present in meetings to give the staff insight into the world of Fullmetal Alchemist, though she did not actively take part in any 写作 for the TV series.[5]
The series has been released in a series of thirteen DVDs from December 17, 2003 to January 26, 2005 in Japan.[35] Funimation Entertainment also released the same series of DVDs from February 8, 2005 to September 12, 2006 in the United States.[36][37] MVM had released the first eight volumes in the United Kingdom; however, Funimation gave the rights over to Revelation Films.[38] A series of five original video animations (OVAs) were also released. The majority of these OVAs are side stories and do not expand on the plot. These OVAs also include a live action segment with Alphonse Elric travelling around a city. In March 2006 a DVD featuring these OVAs was released in 日本 with the name of Fullmetal Alchemist: Premium Collection.[35] Funimation acquired and dubbed Premium Collection during the end of 2008 for English release.[39] The DVD was released in English on August 4, 2009.[40] During January 2009, 识骨寻踪 released a "DVD box archives" of the anime. It includes the first 日本动漫 of 51 episodes, the film, the CD soundtracks, and guidebooks from the series.[41]
Fullmetal Alchemist: Brotherhood
Main article: 列表 of Fullmetal Alchemist: Brotherhood episodes
In the 20th volume of the manga, creator Arakawa announced that a 秒 Fullmetal Alchemist 日本动漫 series was being produced. 识骨寻踪 produces the new series with Yasuhiro Irie as director and Hiroshi Ōnogi as writer. The 标题 of the series is also Fullmetal Alchemist in the Japanese version, although as Hagane no Renkinjutsushi: Fullmetal Alchemist (鋼の錬金術師 FULLMETAL ALCHEMIST, Hagane no Renkinjutsushi: Furumetaru Arukemisuto?, abbreviated as 鋼の錬金術師FA) to differentiate it from the 2003 series.[42][43] The series premiered on April 5, 2009, on MBS-TBS's Sunday 5:00 pm JST 日本动漫 timeblock, replacing Mobile Suit Gundam 00, and voice 女演员 Romi Park and Rie Kugimiya reprised their roles as main characters Edward and Alphonse Elric respectively.[44] Unlike the first 日本动漫 which had an original story, the 秒 series follows the story of the manga.[45] On March 20, 2009, it was announced that the English 标题 of the series was Fullmetal Alchemist: Brotherhood and that it would receive its English language premiere on Animax Asia, with Japanese audio and English subtitles, on April 10, 2009, at 8:30 p.m, five days after its Japanese premiere.[46] Aniplex started releasing the series in Blu-ray and DVD on August 26, 2009, with the first containing two episodes and an original video 动画片 (OVA).[47] Two 更多 OVAs were included in the fifth and ninth volumes alongside four episodes. Other volumes feature four episodes and no OVAs. A total of sixteen volumes were released, with the last one on November 24, 2010.[48]
On April 3, 2009, Funimation announced it would stream English subtitled episodes four days after they air in Japan. Madman Entertainment will also stream it "within days" of the episodes airing in Japan.[49] Funimation later suspended the release of new episodes of the series for a few weeks due to an incident involving an episode of One Piece being uploaded before it had aired in Japan.[50] However, the episodes are now back on the Funimation website as well as on the official Funimation channel on YouTube.[51] In September 2009, Funimation announced the cast for an English dub of the series.[52] On February 13, 2010, the English dub of the series premiered on Cartoon Network and ended on September 25, 2011.[53][54] Funimation also began releasing the episodes in Blu-ray and DVD volumes each of thirteen episodes on May 25, 2010,[55][56] and finished on August 2, 2011 with a total of five volumes.[57][58]
Films
Main articles: Fullmetal Alchemist the Movie: Conqueror of Shamballa and Fullmetal Alchemist: The Sacred 星, 星级 of Milos
A film sequel to the first anime, Fullmetal Alchemist the Movie: Conqueror of Shamballa, was produced 由 Bones, and premiered in Japanese theaters on July 23, 2005.[59] The film follows Edward Elric's attempts to return to his homeworld, having lived for two years on Earth, which exists in a parallel universe to his own, while Alphonse is equally determined to reunite with his brother 由 any means necessary. Funimation Entertainment released the English DVD on September 12, 2006.[60]
Following the 秒 anime's ending, an announcement was shown regarding a new Fullmetal Alchemist film.[61] A teaser trailer began streaming in November 2010 in the Fullmetal Alchemist: Brotherhood official site, confirming that a movie entitled Fullmetal Alchemist: The Sacred 星, 星级 of Milos would open throughout 日本 in July 2011. It was directed 由 Kazuya Murata, while the script was done 由 Yūichi Shinpo.[62] Set within the 秒 anime's storyline, it follows the Elrics going to another country to capture a criminal.[63] Funimation has licensed the film, releasing it in selected theaters within the United States in January 2012, and released the film on DVD and Blu-ray on April 24, 2012.[64][65]
Light novels
Main article: 列表 of Fullmetal Alchemist light novels
A series of six Fullmetal Alchemist Japanese light novels, written 由 Makoto Inoue, have been published 由 Square Enix.[66] The novels are licensed for an 英语 release 由 Viz Media in North America, with translations 由 Alexander O. Smith.[67] Although Arakawa did not write the novels, she did illustrations for them, including covers and frontispieces.[68] The novels are spin-offs of the 日本漫画 series and follow the Elric brothers on their continued quest for the Philosopher's Stone. The first novel, Fullmetal Alchemist: The Land of Sand, was animated as the episodes eleven and twelve of the 日本动漫 series.[69] The fourth novel also contains an extra story about the military called "Roy's Holiday".[70] Novelizations of three of the PlayStation 2 games, Fullmetal Alchemist and the Broken Angel, Curse of the Crimson Elixir, and The Girl Who Succeeds God—have also been written. The first was authored 由 Makoto Inoue and the rest 由 Jun Eishima.[66]
Drama CDs
There have been two series of Fullmetal Alchemist audio dramas. The first volume of the first series, Fullmetal Alchemist Vol. 1: The Land of Sand (砂礫の大地, Sareki no Daichi?), was released before the 日本动漫 and tells a story similar to the first novel. The Tringham brothers reprised their roles in the anime.[71] Fullmetal Alchemist Vol. 2: False Light, Truth's Shadow (偽りの光 真実の影, Itsuwari no Hikari, Shinjitsu no Kage?) and Fullmetal Alchemist Vol. 3: Criminals' Scar (咎人たちの傷跡, Togabitotachi no Kizuato?) are stories based on different 日本漫画 chapters with the addition of other characters from the State Military from the series.[66]
The 秒 series of audio dramas, available only with purchases of Shōnen Gangan, consists of short stories. There are two stories in this series, each with two parts. The first, Fullmetal Alchemist: Ogutāre of the Fog (霧のオグターレ, Kiri no Ogutāre?), was included in Shōnen Gangan's April and May 2004 issues, while the 秒 story, Fullmetal Alchemist: Crown of Heaven (天上の宝冠, Tenjō no Hōkan?), was found in the November and December issues.[66]
CDs
Cover of Fullmetal Alchemist the Movie: Conqueror of Shamballa Original SoundtrackThe 音乐 for Fullmetal Alchemist was composed and arranged 由 Michiru Oshima, who won the 5th Tokyo 日本动漫 Award in the category "Best Music" for Fullmetal Alchemist the Movie: Conqueror of Shamballa.[72] TV 动画片 Fullmetal Alchemist Original Soundtrack 1 was released on March 24, 2004 in 日本 and contained thirty-three tracks, including several of the background sounds used during key points in the main series and the first opening and ending theme songs.[73] Although never released officially, a version of the Russian track "Brothers" (Russian: Братья, Bratja; Japanese: Burācha) from this CD has been recorded in English 由 Vic Mignogna, the voice actor who played Edward Elric in the English dubbed version. TV 动画片 Fullmetal Alchemist Original Soundtrack 2 was released on December 15, 2004 and contained thirty tracks.[74] TV 动画片 Fullmetal Alchemist Original Soundtrack 3, released on May 18, 2005 contained twenty-seven tracks.[75]
Fullmetal Alchemist: Complete Best and Fullmetal Alchemist Hagaren Song File (Best Compilation) are compilations of the soundtracks that were released in 日本 on October 14, 2004 and December 21, 2005, respectively. A bonus DVD, exclusive to the U.S. release, contains a 音乐 video for Nana Kitade's "Indelible Sin".[35][76] Fullmetal Alchemist The Movie Conqueror Of Shamballa OST, which contained forty-six tracks, was released on December 21, 2005. All are tracks used in the featured film Fullmetal Alchemist the Movie: Conqueror of Shamballa.[35] During December 2004, a 音乐会 titled "Tales of Another Festival" was staged in Tokyo and Osaka. It featured performances 由 several of the musical artists from the 电视 series as well as narrations 由 the voice actors and actresses. A DVD of the 音乐会 entitled Fullmetal Alchemist Festival - Tales of Another was released in 日本 on April 27, 2005.[35]
Fullmetal Alchemist: Brotherhood's 音乐 composer is Akira Senju. The first CD soundtrack from this 日本动漫 was published on October 14, 2009.[77] The 秒 CD soundtrack from the 日本动漫 was published on March 24, 2010.[78] The third and final CD soundtrack became available on July 7, 2010.[79] Finally, Fullmetal Alchemist Final Best, a compilation of openings and endings songs, was released on July 28, 2010.[80]
On June 29, 2011 Original Soundtrack of Fullmetal Alchemist: The Sacred 星, 星级 of Milos (FULLMETAL ALCHEMIST Nageki no Oka no Seinaru Hoshi), composed 由 Taro Iwashiro, was released.[81]
Video games
Video games based on Fullmetal Alchemist have also been released. The storylines of the games often diverge from those of the 日本动漫 and 日本漫画 and feature new characters. Square Enix has released three role-playing games (RPG)—Fullmetal Alchemist and the Broken Angel, Curse of the Crimson Elixir, and Kami o Tsugu Shōjo—and one fighting game, Dream Carnival, for the PlayStation 2. Bandai has released two RPG titles, Fullmetal Alchemist: Stray Rondo (鋼の錬金術師 迷走の輪舞曲, Hagane no Renkinjutsushi Meisō no Rondo?) and Fullmetal Alchemist: Sonata of Memory (鋼の錬金術師 想い出の奏鳴曲, Hagane no Renkinjutsushi Omoide no Sonata?), for the Game Boy Advance and one, Dual Sympathy, for the 任天堂 DS. Bandai also released another RPG, Fullmetal Alchemist: To the Promised 日 (鋼の錬金術師 Fullmetal Alchemist 約束の日へ, Hagane no Renkinjutsushi Fullmetal Alchemist Yakusoku no Hi e?), for the PlayStation Portable on May 20, 2010, in Japan.[82] Destineer released a game based on the trading card game in North America for the 任天堂 DS.[83][84] Of the seven games made in Japan, Broken Angel, Dream Carnival, Curse of the Crimson Elixir, and Dual Sympathy have seen international release; the others have not been released internationally. For the Wii, 晓组织 no Ōji (暁の王子?, lit. Fullmetal Alchemist: Prince of the Dawn) was released in 日本 on August 13, 2009.[85] A direct sequel of the game, Tasogare no Shōjo (黄昏の少女?, lit. "Fullmetal Alchemist: Daughter of the Dusk"), was released on December 10, 2009, for the same console.[86]
Funimation licensed the franchise to create a new series of Fullmetal Alchemist related video games to be published 由 Destineer Publishing Corporation in the United States.[87] Destineer released its first Fullmetal Alchemist game for the 任天堂 DS, a translation of Bandai's Dual Sympathy, on December 15, 2006, and has 评论 that this will be the first of many titles that they plan to release.[88] On February 19, 2007, Destineer announced the 秒 game in its Fullmetal Alchemist series, the Fullmetal Alchemist Trading Card Game. This 标题 was released October 15, 2007.[89] A third game for the PlayStation Portable titled Fullmetal Alchemist: Senka wo Takuseshi Mono (背中を託せし者?) was released in 日本 on October 15, 2009.[90] The game was announced for a European release with Namco Bandai being the publisher on March 4, 2010.[91] The massively multiplayer online role-playing game MapleStory also received special ingame items based on the series as tie-in.[92]
For the RPG games, Arakawa oversaw the story and designed its characters, while Bones, the studio which would be responsible for the 日本动漫 series, produced several 动画片 sequences. The developers looked at other titles for inspiration, particularly Square Enix's action role-playing game Kingdom Hearts, in addition to other games based on 日本漫画 series, such as Dragon Ball, 火影忍者 或者 One Piece games. The biggest challenge they had to overcome was to try to make the 标题 a "full-fledged" game rather than a simple "character-based" game.[93] Tomoya Asano, the assistant producer for the games, noted that development spanned 更多 than a year, unlike most character-based games.[94]
Art and guidebooks
The Fullmetal Alchemist franchise has several artbooks for the 日本漫画 and the anime; three 日本漫画 artbooks called The Art of Fullmetal Alchemist (イラスト集 FULLMETAL ALCHEMIST, Irasuto Shū Fullmetal Alchemist?) were released 由 Square Enix with two of them also 由 Viz Media.[95][96] The first contains illustrations made between May 2001 to April 2003, spanning the first six 日本漫画 volumes, while the 秒 has illustrations from September 2003 to October 2005, spanning the 下一个 six.[13] The last one includes illustrations from the remaining volumes.[97] For the anime, three artbooks with the name of The Art of Fullmetal Alchemist: The 日本动漫 (TVアニメーション鋼の錬金術師 ART BOOK, TV Animēshon Hagane no Renkinjutsushi Artbook?) were released in Japan, while only the first was released 由 Viz Media.[98] An artbook from the 秒 日本动漫 titled Fullmetal Alchemist Official Drawing Collection was also released in November 2010.[99]
The 日本漫画 also has three guidebooks; each of them contain timelines, guides to the Elric brothers' journey, and gaiden chapters that were never released in a 日本漫画 volume.[13] Only the first guidebook has been released 由 Viz Media, under the name of Fullmetal Alchemist Profiles.[100] An 日本动漫 character guide book called Fullmetal Alchemist 日本动漫 Profiles (TV 动画片 Hagane no Renkinjutsushi Kyarakore?) was released 日本 as well in the United States.[101] A series of five fanbooks have also been released with the name of TV 日本动漫 Fullmetal Alchemist Official Fanbooks (TVアニメ 鋼の錬金術師 オフィシャルファンブック, TV 日本动漫 Hagane no Renkinjutsushi Ofisharu 粉丝 Bukku?) containing each one information of the 日本动漫 as well as several interviews with the staff of the series.[13] Additionally, a series of four guidebooks focused on the 秒 日本动漫 series were released from on August 12, 2009 to August 2010.[102][103] A new guidebook titled "Fullmetal Alchemist Chronicle" (鋼の錬金術師 CHRONICLE?) was released in 日本 on July 29, 2011 which contains 更多 information on what happens after the end of the manga.[104]
Other merchandise
Action figures, busts, and statues from the Fullmetal Alchemist 日本动漫 and 日本漫画 have been created 由 leading toy companies; primarily Medicom and Southern Island. Medicom has created high end deluxe vinyl figures of the characters from the anime. These figures are exclusively distributed in the United States and UK 由 Southern Island.[105] Southern Island has also released their own action figures in 2007 of the main characters. These figures and a 12" statue were scheduled to release in 2007. Southern Island has since gone bankrupt, putting the figures on permanent hiatus.[106] A trading card game was first published in 2005 in the United States 由 Joyride Entertainment.[107] Since then, six expansions have been released. The physical game was retired on July 11, 2007.[108] Destineer released a 任天堂 DS adaptation of the game on October 15, 2007.[89]
Reception
日本漫画 reception
With the release of volume 27, the 日本漫画 sold over 50 million copies in Japan.[109] As of January 10, 2010 every volume of the 日本漫画 has sold over a million copies each in Japan.[110] Square Enix reports that series sold 57 million units worldwide as of June 9, 2011 with ten million units sold outside of Japan.[111] Along with Yakitate!! Japan, the series won the 49th Shogakukan 日本漫画 Award for shōnen in 2004.[112] During 2008, volumes 19 and 20 sold over a million copies, ranking as the 10th and 11th best seller comics, respectively from Japan.[113] In the first half of 2009, it ranked as the 7th best-seller from Japan, having sold over 3 million copies.[114] Volume 21 ranked 4th, with 更多 than 1 million copies sold and volume 22 ranked 6th with a similar number of sold copies.[115] Producer Kouji Taguchi from Square Enix 说 that Volume 1's initial sales were of 150,000 copies and changed to 1.5 million copies after the first 日本动漫 aired. Prior to the 秒 anime's premiere, each volume sold about 1.9 million copies, and then it changed to 2.1 million copies.[116] The series is also one of Viz Media's best sellers, appearing in "BookScan's 最佳, 返回页首 20 Graphic Novels" and the "USA Today Booklist".[117][118][119] It has also been featured in the Diamond Comic Distributors' 民意调查 of graphic novel and The New York Times Best Seller 日本漫画 list.[120][121] The English release of the manga's first volume was the top-selling graphic novel during the 年 2005.[122] In a survey from Oricon in 2009, Fullmetal Alchemist ranked ninth as the 日本漫画 that 粉丝 wanted to be turned into a live-action film.[123]
Fullmetal Alchemist has generally been well received 由 critics. Though the initial volumes were felt to be formulaic, critics noted that the series grows in complexity as it progresses. Arakawa was praised for being able to keep all of her character designs unique and distinguishable, despite many of them wearing the same basic uniforms.[124] The characterization of the protagonist Edward balances between being a "typical clever kid" and a "stubborn kid", successfully allowing him to float between the series' 更多 comical moments and its underlying drama without seeming false.[125] Reviewers celebrated the development of the characters in the manga, with their beliefs actively changing during the story forcing them to grow in maturity.[126] Mania Entertainment's Jarred Pine found that the 日本漫画 can be enjoyed 由 anybody who has watched the first 日本动漫 despite the similarities in the first chapters. Like other reviewers, he praised the dark mood from the 日本漫画 and how it balances the humor and action scenes.[127] The development from characters who have little appearances in the first 日本动漫 was also praised 由 Pine.[128] In a review from volume 14, Sakura Eries from the same site liked the revelations in spite of the fact that there are still several story arcs that need to be resolved. She also praised the development from the homunculi such as the return of Greed as well as their fights.[129]
日本动漫 reception
The 日本动漫 premiered in 日本 with a 6.82 percent 电视 viewership rating.[32] In 2005, Japanese 电视 network TV Asahi conducted a "Top 100" online web 民意调查 and nation-wide survey; the Fullmetal Alchemist 日本动漫 adaptation placed first in the online 民意调查 and 20th in the survey.[130][131] In 2006, TV Asahi conducted another online 民意调查 for the 最佳, 返回页首 one hundred anime, and Fullmetal Alchemist placed first again.[132] Fullmetal Alchemist was also a winner in the American 日本动漫 Awards in several categories. These include "Long Series", "Best Cast", "Best DVD Package Design", "Best 日本动漫 Theme Song" ("Rewrite," 由 Asian Kung-Fu Generation), and "Best Actor" (Vic Mignogna, Edward Elric's English voice actor). It was also nominated in the category of "Best 日本动漫 Feature" for Fullmetal Alchemist the Movie: Conqueror of Shamballa.[133] The series also won most of the Twenty-Sixth Annual Animage Readers' Polls. The series was the winner in the "Favorite 日本动漫 Series", "Favorite Episode" (episode seven), "Favorite Male Character" (Edward Elric), "Favorite Female Character" (Riza Hawkeye), "Favorite Theme Song" ("Melissa", 由 Porno Graffitti), and "Favorite Voice Actor" (Romi Park, Edward's Japanese voice actor).[134] In the "Tokyo 日本动漫 Fair", the series also won in the categories "Animation Of The Year" (Fullmetal Alchemist: The Conqueror of Shambala), "Best original story" (Hiromu Arakawa) and "Best music" (Michiru Oshima).[72] In About.com 2006 American Awards, Fullmetal Alchemist was the winner in the categories "Best New 日本动漫 Series" and "Best Animation".[135][136]
The series has become one of the 最佳, 返回页首 properties of Square Enix along with Final 幻想 and Dragon Quest.[137] It was named the 95th best animated series 由 IGN. They 评论 that although it's mostly upbeat with amazing action scenes, it also touches on the human condition. They described it as "more than a mere anime," and "a powerful weekly drama."[138] The staff also featured it in their "10 Cartoon Adaptations We'd Like to See" with 评论 focused in the characterization the series features.[139] The designs of the characters have been praised remarking they are different from each other. Flashbacks have been criticized to be annoying as they are repeated several times.[140][141] Other reviewers compared the series with an Odyssey as part tragic, part coming of age story. The plot and the 音乐 have been celebrated to be very entertaining.[140] Criticism towards the 日本动漫 focused on the large number of sentimental scenes in the series abused to evoke kneejerk emotional responses from the viewers. The ending was also the basis of one negative review noting that Edward's beliefs did not change at all as he tried once again to bring somebody back to life.[142] Reviewers have praised the soundtrack for its variety of musical styles and artists, and the pleasant but not too distracting background music.[137] DVDvisionjapan considered the first opening theme and the first ending theme as the best tracks of the series, remarking that they made a good combination of 日本动漫 and song.[143]
The initial episodes of Fullmetal Alchemist: Brotherhood received criticism from members of the 日本动漫 News Network staff, who felt that repeating events from the first 日本动漫 led to a lack of suspense.[144] Mania Entertainment's Chris Beveridge noted that the entertainment in these episodes lay in the differences in the characters' actions from the first series, and how some episodes had original content which focused on the emotional theme from the series.[145] In another review, Beveridge praised the new fight scenes as well as 更多 drama which made these episodes "solid".[146] Chris Zimmerman from Comic Book Bin agreed with Beveridge as the series "turns around and establishes its own identity" due to the inclusion of new characters and revelations not shown in the first series, increasing its depth. The 动画片 was also noted to be superior than that of the first anime, with 评论 focused on the characters' expressions as well as the way the fight scenes were executed.[147] Much praise was 给 to the climactic episodes for the way action scenes and morals were conveyed, with many finding them superior to the conclusion of the first Fullmetal Alchemist anime. The way the series closed was found satisfactory 由 critics to the point of being called "A virtually perfect ending to an outstanding series."[148][149] In April 2010, it was listed as the 6th best 日本动漫 between April 2009 and March 2010 由 Animage.[150]
Light novels reception
The first Fullmetal Alchemist novel, The Land of the Sand, was well received 由 Jarred Pine of Mania as a self-contained novelization that remained true to the characterizations from the 日本漫画 series. He notes that while the lack of backstory makes it geared 更多 towards 粉丝 of the franchise than new readers, it was an impressive debut piece for the Viz Fiction line.[151] Ain't It Cool News also found the novel to be true to its roots, and that while it brought nothing new to the series, it was compelling enough for followers of the series to enjoy a retelling. As a whole, the reviewer felt it was a "work for young-ish readers that's pretty clear about some darker sides of politics, economics and human nature."[152] Charles Solomon of the Los Angeles Times noted that the novel has a different focus than 日本动漫 series, with The Land of Sand "creating a stronger, sympathetic bond" between the younger brothers than is seen in its two episode 日本动漫 counterpart.[153]
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