Livonian War 1558-1582
Main article: Livonian War


Europe, 1550.
Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor once again asked for help of Gustav I of Sweden, and The Kingdom of Poland (1385–1569) also began direct negotiations with Gustavus, but nothing resulted because on September 29, 1560, Gustavus I Vasa died. The chances for success of Magnus and his supporters looked particularly good in 1560 (and 1570). In the former case he had been recognised as their sovereign 由 The Bishopric of Ösel-Wiek and The Bishopric of Courland, and as their prospective ruler 由 the authorities of The Bishopric of Dorpat;...